Category: Jean Philippe Empana

COVID-19-related medical research: a meta-research and critical appraisal

1/12/2021

As with many fields, science has been put to the test by the coronavirus pandemic. An international team of researchers, led by French scientists, has demonstrated novel scientific practices around Covid-19. Under the pressure of the number of cases and the urgent need to understand the virus, many research groups have shared results, sometimes to the expense of high scientific standards.

During the first wave of the Covid-19 epidemic, medical research saw a historic number of studies on the coronavirus published in a short period of time. An international consortium of experts in medical methodology undertook the major challenge of evaluating the Covid-19 research during this first wave.

Assessment of the Utility of Kidney Histology as a Basis for Discarding Organs in the US

12/15/2020

New research indicates that analyses of kidney biopsies from deceased donors don’t provide meaningful information beyond standard assessments of donor and recipient characteristics. In addition, the study revealed that relying on these analyses has prompted the discard of many potentially suitable organs for transplantation in the United States. The findings appear in JASN.

Despite a critical scarcity of organs available for transplantation, thousands of deceased donor kidneys are discarded each year in the United States.

Identification and characterization of trajectories of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation

5/4/2020

Every year, tens of thousands of deaths are due to end-stage heart failure in Europe and in the US combined. Heart transplantation is the ultimate treatment, but its number is dramatically limited due to the shortage of organs in those countries.

In the same time, the chances of survival beyond one year after transplantation have remained unchanged in recent years, despite significant progress in immunosuppressive therapy and patient care.

One of the most common reasons for long-term graft failure and patient death is an accelerated form of coronary artery disease called cardiac allograft vasculopathy. It is a frequent complication that affects up to half of patients within 10 years following heart transplantation. Yet, until now, little has been known about the different evolutive profiles of cardiac allograft vasculopathy and their risk factors.

Prediction system for risk of allograft loss in patients receiving kidney transplants: international derivation and validation study

3/3/2020

The first universal algorithm for predicting the risk of kidney transplant loss, named iBox, has been developed, validated and just made public by teams from Europe and the US.

The iBox is designed for clinicians to personalize and improve patient follow-up. The iBox could also accelerate the development of new immunosuppressive treatments by reducing the duration of clinical trials and defining a valid surrogate endpoint.

Chronic kidney disease affects 1 out of 10 people worldwide and is steadily increasing. When it reaches end-stage renal disease and endangers the lives of patients, dialysis or transplantation is required.

Disparities in Acceptance of Deceased Donor Kidneys Between the United States and France and Estimated Effects of Increased US Acceptance

8/26/2019

New publication in JAMA Internal Medicine: The first international analysis of renal transplant patient data shows that a change in allocation criteria in the United States could benefit patients on the waiting list. Thousands more kidneys could be transplanted each year if the United States used, as France does, kidneys from older donors.
Nearly 5,000 people in the United States and 3,500 in Europe die each year waiting for a kidney transplant. Yet, over the same period, in the United States, more than 3,500 available kidneys were discarded. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Internal Medicine today published our results, obtained with the help of an international team, that compared the use of kidneys available in the United States and France between 2004 and 2014.

Using a new approach based on validated analytical methods and computer simulations, this work revealed that French transplant centres are much more likely to transplant kidneys from older donors than their American counterparts, and that this effectively increases the number of patients transplanted.

COVID-19-related medical research: a meta-research and critical appraisal

Assessment of the Utility of Kidney Histology as a Basis for Discarding Organs in the US

Identification and characterization of trajectories of cardiac allograft vasculopathy after heart transplantation

Prediction system for risk of allograft loss in patients receiving kidney transplants: international derivation and validation study

Disparities in Acceptance of Deceased Donor Kidneys Between the United States and France and Estimated Effects of Increased US Acceptance

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